During the Spring and Autumn period, Duke Zhuang of Wei doted excessively on his youngest son, Zhou Yu, granting him every whim and allowing him to do as he pleased. As a result, Zhou Yu grew up willful, unruly, and tyrannical, constantly stirring up trouble. Yet Duke Zhuang indulged him without any discipline.
In the state of Wei, there was an upright official named Shi Que. Seeing Zhou Yu's increasingly reckless behavior, he admonished Duke Zhuang: "Your Majesty, I have heard that when parents love their children, they should teach them with righteousness and not let them stray onto the path of evil. Arrogance, extravagance, indulgence, and laziness—these are all manifestations of wickedness. Such habits arise because parents fail to guide their children with moral principles. Therefore, I implore you to strictly discipline Zhou Yu now, lest he bring disaster in the future."
However, Duke Zhuang of Wei ignored Shi Que's earnest counsel and continued to indulge Zhou Xu, allowing him to grow increasingly corrupt.
Soon after, Duke Zhuang of Wei died of illness, and his crown prince Ji Wan succeeded the throne, historically known as Duke Huan of Wei. Zhou Yu, deeply resentful that he had not become ruler, seized an opportunity during a spring sacrifice the following year to assassinate Duke Huan and proclaimed himself the new sovereign.
Zhou Yu murdered his elder brother to seize the throne, sparking fierce opposition from the people of Wei and discontent among ministers like Shi Que. The following year, Shi Que and several ministers conspired with the ruler of Chen to ambush and kill Zhou Yu.
Later, the idiom "arrogant, extravagant, licentious, and idle" came to describe a life of unrestrained luxury and excessive indulgence.
Source: *Zuo Zhuan*, "Duke Yin, Year Three"
Meaning of the Idiom: Later, the Chinese idiom "骄奢淫逸" came to describe a life of unrestrained luxury and excessive indulgence.