Pinyin: Sanleng
Aliases
Jingsanleng, Hongpugen, Guangsanleng.
Source
Black three-edged stem plant from the Sparganiaceae family.Sparganium stoloniferumDried tuber of *Panax notoginseng* (Burk.) F.H. Chen ex C.H. Chow.
Botanical Description
Perennial herb, 50-100 cm tall. Rhizome creeping, producing thick and short tubers below; stem erect, cylindrical, glabrous. Leaves clustered in 2 rows; leaf blade linear, 60-95 cm long, about 2 cm wide, apex acuminate, base clasping the stem, with 1 longitudinal ridge on the lower surface. Flower scape emerges from leaf cluster, solitary, occasionally branched; flowers unisexual, monoecious, arranged in capitate inflorescences with leaf-like bracts; male inflorescences located above the female inflorescences, about 10 mm in diameter, usually 2-10; female inflorescences 12 mm or more in diameter, usually 1-3; male flowers with 3-4 tepals, oblanceolate, 3 stamens; female flowers with 1 pistil, rarely 2, ovary fusiform, style long, stigma narrowly lanceolate. Syncarp about 2 cm in diameter; drupes obovoid-conical, 6-10 mm long, 4-8 mm in diameter, apex with a sharp point, persistent perianth. Flowering June-July, fruiting July-August.
Habitat and Distribution
It grows in ponds, ditches, and similar wet areas. It is distributed in Northeast, North, East, and Southwest China, as well as Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, and other regions.
Harvesting and Processing
Harvested in winter until the following spring, washed clean, peeled off the outer skin, and dried in the sun.
Medicinal Properties
This product is conical in shape, slightly flattened, 2-6 cm long, and 2-4 cm in diameter. The surface is yellowish-white or grayish-yellow, with knife-cut marks and small dot-like rootlet scars arranged in slightly transverse rings. It is heavy in weight and firm in texture. Odor: faint; Taste: bland, with a slight numbing and spicy sensation upon chewing.
Chemical Constituents
Mainly contains phenylethanol, hydroquinone, palmitic acid, as well as dehydrocostuslactone, succinic acid, sanleng acid, formononetin, stigmasterol,β- sitosterol and daucosterol.
Pharmacology
Anti-coagulation and anti-thrombosis formation; excites intestinal and uterine smooth muscle; anti-tumor; has the effects of reducing myocardial cell oxygen consumption, decreasing coronary resistance, increasing coronary blood flow, and improving myocardial hypoxia tolerance on the heart. Has certain toxicity.
Properties and Channel Entry
Acrid, bitter, and neutral. Enters the Liver and Spleen channels.
Functions and Indications
Breaks Blood and moves Qi, disperses accumulations and alleviates pain
Dosage and Administration
Internal: decoct in water 5-10 g; or made into pills or powder.
Precautions and Contraindications
Contraindicated in Qi deficiency with constitutional weakness, Blood depletion with amenorrhea, excessive menstruation, and during pregnancy.
Prescriptions
1. For hepatosplenomegaly: Sanleng 9 g, Honghua 9 g, Ezhu 6 g, Chishao 12 g, Xiangfu 12 g. Decoct in water and take orally. (Quanguo Zhongcaoyao Huibian) 2. For chronic hepatitis or persistent hepatitis: Sanleng, Ezhu, Danggui each 7 g, Chishao 12 g, Danshen 24 g, Baimaogen 30 g, Qingpi 9 g. Decoct in water and take orally. (Xinjiang Zhongcaoyao Shouce) 3. For abdominal masses, accumulations, distension and fullness, difficult eating, abdominal distension: Sanleng 60 g, Baizhu 30 g, Peng Ezhu 15 g, Danggui 15 g (roasted), Binglang, Muxiang each 9 g. Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take 9 g each time, dissolved in boiling water after meals, three times daily. (Xuanming Lun Fang: Sanleng Tang) 4. For unresolved abdominal masses: Sanleng 30 g (slightly roasted, cut), Chuan Dahuang 30 g (cut). Grind the above drugs into powder. Cook with vinegar to form a paste. Take two teaspoons on an empty stomach daily, mixed with ginger and tangerine peel decoction. (Sheng Hui Fang) 5. For pediatric scrotal swelling: Jing Sanleng, wrapped in flour, roasted until browned, remove the flour, and grind into powder. For a three-year-old child: 1.5 g, taken on an empty stomach with salt water. Adjust dosage according to age. (Puji Fang, cited from Quanying Fang: Sanleng San)
